ShakespeareCompendiumGrammarMLA

**FOR ADDITIONAL RESOURCES, SEE THE “WRITING” PAGE OF MRS. BARTH’S WIKI. **  **COMMAS ** //Shakespeare established a family in Stratford-upon-Avon, but he established a career in London. //  //Because Queen Elizabeth I enjoyed theatre, she often invited the Lord Chamberlain’s Men to perform for her. //  //The First Folio, however, was not published until seven years after Shakespeare’s death. //  //Few of Shakespeare’s works were formally published during his lifetime; however, seven years after his death, a comprehensive collection of his plays were published as what has become known as the First Folio. //  Sometimes a writer may supply extra information about a noun (person, place, or thing) that is NOT essential to the sentence; in other words, you would understand what person, place, or thing the writer is referring to without the extra information. Set off such extra information with commas. //Southwark, set outside of city limits by the River Thames, was the theatre district of Elizabethan London. //  //Southwark, which teemed with brothels and taverns, was the theatre district of Elizabethan London. //  <span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">RUN-ON SENTENCES, COMMA SPLICES, and FUSED SENTENCES ** //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Shakespeare wrote both plays and poetry. He made the sonnet form popular in Elizabethan England. // <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Shakespeare wrote both plays and poetry, and he made the sonnet form popular in Elizabethan England. // <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Shakespeare wrote both plays and poetry; indeed, he made the sonnet form popular in Elizabethan England. // <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Because Shakespeare made the sonnet form popular in Elizabethan England, he was well-known and respected for both his plays and his poetry. // <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">CITING SOURCES ** ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Give the full name of the author. If it’s a website without an author, give the name of the organization that created the website. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Then, if it’s a book, give the book title. If it’s an article, give the article title and the name of the magazine or journal it’s published in. If it’s a website, give the name of the webpage or website it’s on. (“webpage title” in quotes and //website title// in italics/underlined) ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Note: Give the FULL TITLE. In some cases, that means both the part before and after the colon. <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Give as much information about the author and the source as you can the first time you use it. Then, every time thereafter, refer to the source using the author’s __last__ name, or if there is no author, the title of the source. Examples: <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Bill Bryson, author of //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> //__Shakespeare: The World as Stage__, explains that “there is nothing – not a scrap, not a mote – that gives any certain insight into Shakespeare’s feelings or beliefs as a private person” (17).// <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Really, the world has no evidence at all that “gives any certain insight into Shakespeare’s feelings or beliefs as a private person” (Bryson 17). // //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> We have no way of knowing what Shakespeare felt or what he believed in his personal life (Bryson 17). // <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> **<span style="font-size: 18pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">MLA FORMAT ** ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Name, class, and date are left justified. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Last name and page number are right justified as a “Header.” ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Title is centered. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Everything is double-spaced. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">No skipped lines anywhere in the document. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Everything is 12 point Times New Roman font. || **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">MLA FORMAT FOR WORKS CITED PAGE **<span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif'; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"> ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Title of bibliography is “Works Cited.” Works Cited should be centered on first line. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Works Cited page is also numbered! ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Sources are alphabetized. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">If entry is more than one line long, the first line is normal, and then the second (third, fourth, etc.) is indented by tabbing in once. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Remove hyperlinks on Works Cited page. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Everything is double-spaced. ·  <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Everything is 12 point Times New Roman font. || <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';"> <span style="font-size: 16pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Look up formats for work cited entries on the “Writing” page of Mrs. Barth’s wiki.
 * <span style="font-size: 20pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">SHAKESPEARE COMPENDIUM GRAMMAR AND MLA **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">A. Use a comma before a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS) when the conjunction is joining two independent clauses (complete sentences). **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">B. Use a comma after an introductory phrase or clause (group of words). **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">C. Surround transitional words and phrases with commas. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">NOTE: If you use a transition word to join two sentences, you must use a semicolon before it and a comma after it. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">D. Set off nonessential elements with commas. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">NOTE: Clauses that start with the word "which" are frequently (but not always) nonessential and should be surrounded by commas. Clauses that start with the word "that" are always essential clauses and should never be surrounded by commas. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">A. Separate the two independent clauses (complete sentences) with a period. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">B. Join the two independent clauses with a comma AND a coordinating conjunction (FANBOYS). **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">C. Join the two independent clauses with a semicolon or a semicolon followed by a transition word or phrase. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">D. Place a dependent word (such as after, although, because, before, even though, if, since, unless, until, when, or while) at the beginning of one of the clauses, which will change it to a dependent clause thus eliminating the problem. **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Introducing your evidence, meaning explain where it comes from. The first time you use a source, give the name of the author and the title of the source. **
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">According to Bill Bryson, author of the book __Shakespeare: The World as Stage__… //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">On the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust’s website, the section entitled “Outline on Shakespeare’s Life” explains… //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">In “Portrait of Shakespeare Unveiled., 399 Years Late,” published on __The New York Times__ website, Robert Mackey states… //
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">If you quote or paraphrase a book or any other source that has page numbers… **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Cite the page number of the information you use in MLA format at the end of the sentence.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">If you use the author’s name in the sentence, you **do not** need to include it in parentheses at the end.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">If you do not use the author’s name in the sentence, you **do** need to include it in parentheses at the end.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">Put the author’s name and/or the page number in parentheses at the end of the sentence. The period goes **AFTER** the parentheses.
 * **<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: 'Arial Narrow','sans-serif';">MLA FORMAT FOR PAPER **